1703 genroku earthquake

The 1923 (Taisho) and 1703 (Genroku) Kanto earthquakes characterize the first and second types, respectively. (2012). Movements associated with these two tectonic plates triggered the 8.2 magnitude approximate Genroku Earthquake of 1703 and the 7.9 magnitude approximate Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923. In central Japan, the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) subducts beneath the Tokyo metropolitan region. Japan saw a lot of seismic activity during the early 1700s. A total of 8,007 houses were destroyed by the shaking and a further 563 houses by the fires, causing 2,291 deaths. There was also a single death on the island of Hachijōjima about 180 km south of the earthquake's epicentre, where the tsunami was 3 m high. The explanation for all this activity is that Japan lies on a fault line between two of the earth’s major tectonic plates. Not all large earthquakes are deadly location matters. Required fields are marked *. The 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake (M7.9–8.2) occurred on December 31st, 1703 and caused severe damage including >10,000 fatalities and >28,000 collapsed or washed-away houses in the Kanto region (Usami et al. [4] This distribution of uplift, coupled with modelling of the tsunami, indicate that at least two and probably three fault segments ruptured during the earthquake. To reveal a subsurface structure beneath the southern part of the Boso Peninsula, Japan, where the Philippine Sea plate is subducting and great interplate earthquakes associated with the subduction occur repeatedly, we conducted a new seismic reflection survey from March to April 2005 (Boso05). [2] The 1703 earthquake is thought to have involved rupture of the interface between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. Intensity distribution of the 1703 Genroku earthquake (M8.1) and the 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquake (M7.9). "Comments for the Significant Earthquake", "A slab fragment wedged under Tokyo and its tectonic and seismic implications", "A new probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for greater Tokyo", "Cycle of Interplate Earthquake Along the Sagami Trough, Deduced from Tectonic Geomorphology", "Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World", https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=1703_Genroku_earthquake&oldid=715530102, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Artistic rendering of the 1868 Tsunami in Arica (then Peruvian city) In … Most of the casualties were caused by the resulting fires which swept through the mainly wooden buildings, and by a tsunami which smashed into a wide coastal area around Sagami Bay and the Boso Peninsula. and the second is the 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake (Mw 8.2) along the Sagami Trough (Fig. • 1688 (Genroku 1, 1st month): Ihara Saikaku publishes Japan's Eternal Treasury. An estimated 2,300 people were killed by the shaking and subsequent fires. A record of the entry may be seen at Wikipedia:Recent additions/2011/November. In the Miura peninsula, we can identify the terraces corresponding to the Numa I–III terraces, which are named the Nobi I–III terraces in order of the present height (e.g., Kumaki 1982 ), but not the Genroku terrace. Earthquakes along the Sagami trough, where the Philippine Sea slab is subducting, have repeatedly occurred. [3], The earthquake was associated with areas of both uplift and subsidence. Both were previously modeled by Chesley et al. The 1703 Genroku earthquake (元禄大地震, Genroku Daijishin?) The lowest one (Numa IV) is the terrace emerged at the time of the 1703 Genroku earthquake and so-called the Genroku terrace (e.g., Imamura 1925; Matsuda et al. In 2006, a … In the southern Kanto region of Japan, where the Philippine Sea plate is descending at the Sagami trough, two different types of large interplate earthquakes have occurred repeatedly. December 31, 1703 (1703-12-31) Local time: 02:00: Magnitude: 8.2 M s: Epicenter: 34°42′N 139°48′E  /  34.7°N 139.8°E  / 34.7; 139.8 Coordinates: 34°42′N 139°48′E  /  34.7°N 139.8°E  / 34.7; 139.8: Areas affected: Japan, Tokyo Tsunami: yes: Casualties: 5,233–10,000 Previous modeling of the 1703 earthquake applied inversion analyses of the observed terrestrial crustal deformations along the coast of the southern Boso Peninsula and revealed that the tsunami was generated along the Sagami Trough. Intensities of 1703 after Matsu’ura and Nakamura (2016), and those of 1923 after JMA (1969). (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Your email address will not be published. Did you know... that uplift data and tsunami wave heights indicate that the 1703 Genroku earthquake was probably caused by the rupture of three separate segments of the Eurasian – Philippine Sea Plate boundary? We also reanalyzed old multi-channel seismic (MCS) survey data that had been collected off … Furthermore, these reflectors revealed a topographic high (bump) beneath the southern coast of the Boso Peninsula where the source fault of the Genroku earthquake of 1703 is thought to … [3], The tsunami had run-up heights of 5 m or more over a wide area, with a maximum of 10.5 m at Wada and 10 m at both Izu Ōshima and Ainohama. The source region extends along the Sagami trough from the The 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake and the resulting tsunami caused catastrophic damage in the Kanto region of Japan. The 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake and the resulting tsunami caused catastrophic damage in the Kanto region of Japan. At the start of the 18th century Edo (as Tokyo was then known) was the world’s largest city, with a population of one million; on the last day of 1703, however, it was devastated by a massive earthquake. [7] The coast of Honshū was hit by tsunami. Previous modeling of the 1703 earthquake applied inversion analyses of the observed terrestrial crustal deformations along the coast of the southern Boso Peninsula and revealed that the tsunami was generated along the Sagami Trough. When did the Genroku earthquake happen: December 31 1703. On October 28, … The recurrence periods of Genroku- and Taisho-type earthquakes inferred from studies of wave cut … Hoei earthquake, 1707. Fire spread in the city. the detailed source areas of pairs of repeated historical earthquakes, such as the 1703 Genroku earthquake with the 1923 Kanto earthquake, and the 1707 Hoei earthquake with the summation of the 1854 Ansei Tokai and Ansei Nankai earthquakes. (2)The Genroku Earthquake (December 31, 1703, M 7.9-8.2) Genroku Earthquake is thought to have been an interplate earthquake whose focal region extended from Sagami Bay to the tip of the Boso Peninsula as well as the area along the Sagami Trough in the open sea southeast of the Boso Peninsula. The 31 December 1703 M w 8.2 Genroku earthquake ruptured two fault segments of the Sagami Trough and was the largest historical earthquake on this fault system [Shishikura, 2003; Grunewald and Stein, 2006]. He chose to simulate the 8.2 magnitude Genroku-type Kanto Earthquake of 1703 which created the largest tsunami, reaching 2.51 meters at Chuo-ku where the Olympics Village is planned. By applying the inversion method to the present heights of the Genroku and Holocene marine terraces developed along the coasts of the southern Boso and Miura peninsulas, we estimated the fault slip distribution of the 1703 Genroku earthquake as follows. It should not come as a surprise, then, that roughly one fifth of the world’s earthquakes occur here. Intensities in the west of the Izu Peninsula are apparently smaller than those of 1923. What was Genroku’s earthquake death toll: … Earthquakes with epicenters in the Kanto region may occur within the Eurasian Plate, at the Eurasian Plate/Philippine Sea Plate interface, within the Philippine Sea Plate, at the Philippine Sea Plate/Pacific Plate interface or within the Pacific Plate. This fault was the source of the Genroku earthquake of 1703 (magnitude M = 8.0) and the Kanto earthquake of 1923 (M = 7.9), which had 105,000 fatalities ().The greater Tokyo urban region has a population of 33 million and is the center of about 40% of the nation's economic activities (). The 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake and the resulting tsunami caused catastrophic damage in the Kanto region of Japan. Following the 1707 earthquake, clamping on the upper part of the dike Usami (1996) estimated the magnitudes of the 1923 Kanto and the 1703 Genroku earthquakes as 7.9 and 8.1, respectively, from the studies of the geophysical data and old documents containing information about intensities and tsunami heights. It is revealed that the focal area of the former larger event cannot completely include those of the latter Lua error in Module:Coordinates at line 668: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. Genroku Earthquake of 1703 This is the only earthquake besides the Great Kanto Earthquake to kill over 100,000 people, and considering Japan’s population was less than half of what it was in 1923, this is all the more shocking. The 31 December 1703 M w 8.2 Genroku earthquake ruptured two fault segments (Figure 1) of the Sagami Trough and was the largest historical earthquake on this fault system [Shishikura, 2003;Grunewald and Stein, 2006]. What was Genroku’s earthquake death toll: it may have been as high as 200,000. [1] Other estimates are higher, with 10,000 in total,[7] and one source that gives 200,000. [1], From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Japan comprises more than 4,000 islands, though the vast majority of the population lives on the four largest. On both the Boso Peninsula and Miura Peninsula a clear paleo shoreline has been identified, indicating up to 5 m of uplift near Mera (about 8 km south of Tateyama) and up to 1.2 m of uplift on Miura, increasing to the south. The Kantō Region lies at the complex triple junction, where the convergent boundaries between the subducting Pacific and Philippine Sea Plates and the overriding North American Plate meet. When did the Genroku earthquake happen: December 31 1703, Where did the Genroku earthquake happen: Edo (Tokyo), Japan. Even so, it is not easy for those of us who take living on terra firma for granted to comprehend that on an average day in Japan some half-dozen tremors are recorded somewhere in the Japanese archipelago. The capital, Tokyo, has had its fair share of earthquakes and as recently as May 2008 it suffered one which registered 6.7 on the Richter scale. subduction-zone earthquakes. The 1703 Genroku and 1923 (Taisho) Kanto earthquakes (M 8.2 and M 7.9, respectively) are known as typical ones, and cause severe damages in the metropolitan area. 3b). This suggests that the dilatational strain (Figure S3) and subsequent increase in magmatic overpressure were not great enough to exceed the strength of the conduit in 1703. Japan’s spectacular economic success story over the second half of the 20th century is the more remarkable when you consider the shaky foundations on which it has been constructed – quite literally, since the country is one of the most geologically unstable parts of the entire planet. Kuril Islands earthquake, 2006. occurred at 02:00 local time on December 31 (17:00 December 30 UTC). The 1703 Genroku earthquake (元禄大地震, Genroku Daijishin) occurred at 02:00 local time on December 31 (17:00 December 30 UTC). The earthquake caused many large fires, particularly at Odawara, increasing both the degree of damage and the number of deaths. [9] The 1703 Genroku earthquake clamped the dike sys-tem from 20 km to the surface (Figure S2). This page was last modified on 16 April 2016, at 09:50. The 1703 earthquake is thought to have involved rupture of the interface between the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate. About 400 km of coastline was severely affected by the tsunami,[6] with deaths being caused from Shimoda on the east coast of the Izu Peninsula in the west to Isumi on the east side of the Bōsō Peninsula to the east. Genroku is a Japanese era spanning from 1688 through 1704. Your email address will not be published. This earthquake was a great inter-plate earthquake The epicenter was near Edo, the forerunner of present-day Tokyo, in the southern part of the Kantō region, Japan. 3 Earthquake scenarios around Japan. Takagi found that inner bay water heights rose to levels consistent with those estimated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. In addition, to analyze the various types of edge waves that could be expected three additional earthquake scenarios were considered, each of them with a different magnitude and epicenter: the 1896 Sanriku Earthquake, the 1677 Empo Boso-oki Earthquake, and the 1703 Genroku Kanto Earthquake. The Arica Tsunami of 1868. In addition to this set of major plates it has been suggested that there is also a separate 25 km thick, 100 km wide body, a fragment of Pacific Plate lithosphere. December 31, 1703 (1703-12-31) Local time: 02:00: Magnitude: 8.2 M s: Epicenter: 34°42′N 139°48′E  /  34.7°N 139.8°E  / 34.7; 139.8 Coordinates: 34°42′N 139°48′E  /  34.7°N 139.8°E  / 34.7; 139.8: Areas affected: Japan, Tokyo Tsunami: yes: Casualties: 5,233–10,000 In addition, to analyze the various types of edge waves that could be expected three additional earthquake scenarios were considered, each of them with a different magnitude and epicenter: the 1896 Sanriku Earthquake, the 1677 Empo Boso-oki Earthquake, and the 1703 Genroku Kanto Earthquake. 1978). The rectangles show five earthquake scenarios that could affect Mt. Few parts of the country have been spared over the centuries, but it is incidents affecting the most heavily populated areas that have attracted the greatest attention. The epicenter was near Edo, the forerunner of present-day Tokyo, in the southern part of the Kantō Region, Japan. The subduction zone created by the intersection of these two plates sits roughly 100 km south of Tokyo virtually bisecting Sagami Bay. 31 December 1703 (Genroku 16, 23rd day of the 11th month): The Great Genroku Earthquake shook Edo. Both earthquakes occurred along Sagami Trough. [5], The area of greatest damage due to the earthquake shaking was in Kanagawa Prefecture, although Shizuoka Prefecture was also affected. The third is the 2011 Tohoku earthquake along the Japan Trench Fig. You should know: The earthquake occurred during the historical Genroku Era and the name is used to distinguish it from subsequent major quakes which struck the city in 1855 and 1923. The islands are actually a row of peaks in an underwater mountain range which includes hundreds of volcanoes – most notably iconic Mount Fuji, one of some 40 which are active. 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